diff --git a/frontend/e2e/diagnose.spec.ts b/frontend/e2e/diagnose.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..910f0f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/e2e/diagnose.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/**
+ * 诊断脚本 - 检查每个页面上的按钮和交互元素
+ */
+import { test, expect, type Page } from '@playwright/test'
+
+const MOCK_TOKEN = 'mock-test-token'
+test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.addInitScript((token) => {
+    localStorage.setItem('token', token)
+  }, MOCK_TOKEN)
+})
+
+async function resetMock(page: Page, endpoint: string) {
+  await page.evaluate(async (url) => {
+    await fetch(url, { method: 'POST' })
+  }, endpoint)
+}
+
+async function diagnosePage(page: Page, path: string, resetEndpoint: string, pageName: string) {
+  await page.goto(path, { waitUntil: 'networkidle' })
+  await resetMock(page, resetEndpoint)
+  await page.reload({ waitUntil: 'networkidle' })
+  await page.waitForSelector('.el-table', { timeout: 15000 })
+
+  // 1. 未勾选时，统计所有按钮
+  const allButtonsBefore = await page.locator('.mb-16 button, .mb-16 .el-button').allTextContents()
+  console.log(`\n=== ${pageName} - 未勾选时的按钮 ===`)
+  console.log(JSON.stringify(allButtonsBefore))
+
+  // 2. 勾选第1行
+  const checkboxes = page.locator('.el-table__body .el-checkbox')
+  const checkboxCount = await checkboxes.count()
+  console.log(`checkbox数量: ${checkboxCount}`)
+  if (checkboxCount > 0) {
+    await checkboxes.first().click()
+    await page.waitForTimeout(500)
+  }
+
+  // 3. 勾选后，统计所有按钮
+  const allButtonsAfter = await page.locator('.mb-16 button, .mb-16 .el-button').allTextContents()
+  console.log(`\n=== ${pageName} - 勾选后的按钮 ===`)
+  console.log(JSON.stringify(allButtonsAfter))
+
+  // 4. 查找状态列有没有 el-switch
+  const switches = await page.locator('.el-switch').count()
+  console.log(`状态列的el-switch数量: ${switches}`)
+
+  // 5. 查找状态列的内容
+  const statusTags = await page.locator('.el-table .el-tag').allTextContents()
+  console.log(`状态标签: ${JSON.stringify(statusTags)}`)
+
+  // 6. 查找表格所有列标题
+  const headers = await page.locator('.el-table__header th').allTextContents()
+  console.log(`列标题: ${JSON.stringify(headers)}`)
+}
+
+test('诊断：设备管理页面', async ({ page }) => {
+  await diagnosePage(page, '/mock/machine', '/mock-api/test/reset-machines', '设备管理')
+})
+
+test('诊断：员工管理页面', async ({ page }) => {
+  await diagnosePage(page, '/mock/worker', '/mock-api/test/reset-workers', '员工管理')
+})
+
+test('诊断：采集地址页面', async ({ page }) => {
+  await diagnosePage(page, '/mock/collect-address', '/mock-api/test/reset-addresses', '采集地址')
+})
diff --git a/frontend/e2e/manual-verify.spec.ts b/frontend/e2e/manual-verify.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92b467d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/e2e/manual-verify.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/**
+ * 手动验证脚本 - 逐个打开三个页面，每页停留10秒供人眼观察
+ * 验证：勾选checkbox后是否出现批量启用/停用/删除按钮
+ */
+import { test, type Page } from '@playwright/test'
+
+const MOCK_TOKEN = 'mock-test-token'
+
+test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.addInitScript((token) => {
+    localStorage.setItem('token', token)
+  }, MOCK_TOKEN)
+})
+
+// 重置mock数据
+async function resetMock(page: Page, endpoint: string) {
+  await page.evaluate(async (url) => {
+    await fetch(url, { method: 'POST' })
+  }, endpoint)
+}
+
+async function openPage(page: Page, path: string, resetEndpoint: string) {
+  await page.goto(path, { waitUntil: 'networkidle' })
+  await resetMock(page, resetEndpoint)
+  await page.reload({ waitUntil: 'networkidle' })
+  await page.waitForSelector('.el-table', { timeout: 15000 })
+}
+
+test('设备管理 - 打开页面截图（未勾选）', async ({ page }) => {
+  await openPage(page, '/mock/machine', '/mock-api/test/reset-machines')
+  await page.screenshot({ path: 'test-results/manual-machine-no-select.png', fullPage: true })
+  
+  // 勾选第1行
+  await page.locator('.el-table__body .el-checkbox').first().click()
+  await page.waitForTimeout(1000)
+  await page.screenshot({ path: 'test-results/manual-machine-selected.png', fullPage: true })
+  
+  // 等待10秒供人眼观察
+  await page.waitForTimeout(10000)
+})
+
+test('员工管理 - 打开页面截图（未勾选）', async ({ page }) => {
+  await openPage(page, '/mock/worker', '/mock-api/test/reset-workers')
+  await page.screenshot({ path: 'test-results/manual-worker-no-select.png', fullPage: true })
+  
+  await page.locator('.el-table__body .el-checkbox').first().click()
+  await page.waitForTimeout(1000)
+  await page.screenshot({ path: 'test-results/manual-worker-selected.png', fullPage: true })
+  
+  await page.waitForTimeout(10000)
+})
+
+test('采集地址 - 打开页面截图（未勾选）', async ({ page }) => {
+  await openPage(page, '/mock/collect-address', '/mock-api/test/reset-addresses')
+  await page.screenshot({ path: 'test-results/manual-address-no-select.png', fullPage: true })
+  
+  await page.locator('.el-table__body .el-checkbox').first().click()
+  await page.waitForTimeout(1000)
+  await page.screenshot({ path: 'test-results/manual-address-selected.png', fullPage: true })
+  
+  await page.waitForTimeout(10000)
+})