diff --git a/frontend/src/components/RelativeTime.vue b/frontend/src/components/RelativeTime.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a8411d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/RelativeTime.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+<template>
+  <el-tooltip :content="fullTime" placement="top" :disabled="!fullTime || fullTime === '--'">
+    <span class="relative-time">{{ displayText }}</span>
+  </el-tooltip>
+</template>
+
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { ref, onMounted, onBeforeUnmount, watch } from 'vue'
+import { formatRelativeTime } from '@/utils/time'
+
+const props = defineProps<{
+  /** 时间字符串、Date对象或时间戳 */
+  time: string | Date | number | null | undefined
+}>()
+
+const displayText = ref('--')
+const fullTime = ref('--')
+let refreshTimer: number | undefined
+
+function updateTime() {
+  if (!props.time) {
+    displayText.value = '--'
+    fullTime.value = '--'
+    return
+  }
+  const result = formatRelativeTime(props.time)
+  displayText.value = result.displayText
+  fullTime.value = result.fullTime
+
+  // 30秒自动刷新（如果需要）
+  if (result.needRefresh) {
+    clearTimer()
+    refreshTimer = window.setTimeout(() => {
+      updateTime()
+    }, 30000)
+  }
+}
+
+function clearTimer() {
+  if (refreshTimer !== undefined) {
+    clearTimeout(refreshTimer)
+    refreshTimer = undefined
+  }
+}
+
+watch(() => props.time, () => {
+  updateTime()
+})
+
+onMounted(() => {
+  updateTime()
+})
+
+onBeforeUnmount(() => {
+  clearTimer()
+})
+</script>
+
+<style scoped>
+.relative-time {
+  font-size: 13px;
+  color: #909399;
+  cursor: default;
+}
+</style>
diff --git a/frontend/src/utils/time.ts b/frontend/src/utils/time.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0acf99c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/utils/time.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/**
+ * 相对时间工具函数
+ * 将时间字符串转换为相对时间显示文本
+ */
+
+export interface RelativeTimeResult {
+  /** 相对时间显示文本 */
+  displayText: string
+  /** 完整时间字符串（hover显示） */
+  fullTime: string
+  /** 是否需要自动刷新（10分钟内） */
+  needRefresh: boolean
+}
+
+/**
+ * 格式化相对时间
+ * @param timeStr 时间字符串，支持格式：'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss' | Date | number(时间戳)
+ * @returns 相对时间结果
+ */
+export function formatRelativeTime(timeStr: string | Date | number | null | undefined): RelativeTimeResult {
+  if (!timeStr) {
+    return { displayText: '--', fullTime: '--', needRefresh: false }
+  }
+
+  let date: Date
+  if (timeStr instanceof Date) {
+    date = timeStr
+  } else if (typeof timeStr === 'number') {
+    date = new Date(timeStr)
+  } else {
+    date = new Date(timeStr.replace(/-/g, '/')) // 兼容iOS Safari的日期解析
+  }
+
+  if (isNaN(date.getTime())) {
+    return { displayText: '--', fullTime: String(timeStr), needRefresh: false }
+  }
+
+  const now = Date.now()
+  const diff = now - date.getTime()
+  const absDiff = Math.abs(diff)
+
+  // 完整时间
+  const fullTime = formatFullTime(date)
+
+  // 未来时间直接返回完整时间
+  if (diff < -60000) {
+    return { displayText: fullTime, fullTime, needRefresh: false }
+  }
+
+  // 10秒内
+  if (absDiff < 10 * 1000) {
+    return { displayText: '刚刚', fullTime, needRefresh: true }
+  }
+
+  // 1分钟内
+  if (absDiff < 60 * 1000) {
+    const seconds = Math.floor(absDiff / 1000)
+    return { displayText: `${seconds}秒前`, fullTime, needRefresh: true }
+  }
+
+  // 1小时内
+  if (absDiff < 60 * 60 * 1000) {
+    const minutes = Math.floor(absDiff / (60 * 1000))
+    return { displayText: `${minutes}分钟前`, fullTime, needRefresh: true }
+  }
+
+  // 24小时内
+  if (absDiff < 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) {
+    const hours = Math.floor(absDiff / (60 * 60 * 1000))
+    const minutes = Math.floor((absDiff % (60 * 60 * 1000)) / (60 * 1000))
+    if (minutes > 0) {
+      return { displayText: `${hours}小时${minutes}分钟前`, fullTime, needRefresh: true }
+    }
+    return { displayText: `${hours}小时前`, fullTime, needRefresh: true }
+  }
+
+  // 2天内（昨天/前天）
+  if (absDiff < 2 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) {
+    return { displayText: '1天前', fullTime, needRefresh: false }
+  }
+
+  // 7天内
+  if (absDiff < 7 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) {
+    const days = Math.floor(absDiff / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000))
+    return { displayText: `${days}天前`, fullTime, needRefresh: false }
+  }
+
+  // 超过7天：显示 MM-DD HH:mm
+  return { displayText: formatShortDate(date), fullTime, needRefresh: false }
+}
+
+/** 格式化完整时间 yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss */
+function formatFullTime(date: Date): string {
+  const y = date.getFullYear()
+  const m = String(date.getMonth() + 1).padStart(2, '0')
+  const d = String(date.getDate()).padStart(2, '0')
+  const h = String(date.getHours()).padStart(2, '0')
+  const min = String(date.getMinutes()).padStart(2, '0')
+  const s = String(date.getSeconds()).padStart(2, '0')
+  return `${y}-${m}-${d} ${h}:${min}:${s}`
+}
+
+/** 格式化短日期 MM-DD HH:mm */
+function formatShortDate(date: Date): string {
+  const m = String(date.getMonth() + 1).padStart(2, '0')
+  const d = String(date.getDate()).padStart(2, '0')
+  const h = String(date.getHours()).padStart(2, '0')
+  const min = String(date.getMinutes()).padStart(2, '0')
+  return `${m}-${d} ${h}:${min}`
+}